1. _________________ is a group of operations which
form one unit of work.
A. Transaction
B. Set
C. Grouping
D. Consistency
ANSWER: A
2. The _______ is an integrated collection of
related files.
A. dataset.
B. data model.
C. data.
D. database system.
ANSWER: D
3. The properties that characterize an entity set
are called _________.
A. Entity.
B. Entity sets.
C. Attributes.
D. Entity type.
ANSWER: D
4. The set of possible values that a given
attribute has is called its ________.
A. attributes.
B. values.
C. details.
D. domain.
ANSWER: D
5. A ______ is a single attribute or combination of
two or more attributes of an entity set that is used
to identify a record.
A. data.
B. key.
C. relation.
D. record.
ANSWER: B
6. The argument keys that are used to identify a
record uniquely are called __________.
A. secondary key.
B. candidate key.
C. super key.
D. alternate key.
ANSWER: C
7. An instance of a record type is _________.
A. record set.
B. record occurrence.
C. record type.
D. record.
ANSWER: B
8. The _________ is used to represent an
association between entity sets.
A. key.
B. record set.
C. file.
D. relationship set.
ANSWER: D
9. An attribute is also called as _________.
A. entity.
B. field.
C. value.
D. domain.
ANSWER: B
10. The collection of information stored in a
database at a particular moment is called as
_________.
A. Schema.
B. instance of the database.
C. data domain.
D. independence.
ANSWER: B
11. Data about data is called _______.
A. data occurrence.
B. meta field.
C. meta data.
D. database.
ANSWER: C
12. All or none requirement in transaction
management is called as ________.
A. atomicity.
B. integrity.
C. concurrency.
D. anomaly.
ANSWER: A
13. A _______ is used to define the overall design
of the database.
A. schema.
B. application program.
C. data definition language.
D. code.
ANSWER: A
14. A _________ is a statement in the DML that
requests the retrieval of data from the database.
A. code.
B. syntax.
C. query.
D. program.
ANSWER: B
15. An entity set is a collection of
____________.
A. database.
B. attributes.
C. entities.
D. values.
ANSWER: C
16. The language that is used to manipulate data in
the database is called ________.
A. data manipulation language.
B. high level language.
C. data definition language.
D. low level language.
ANSWER: A
17. The _______ are the users who are responsible
for developing application programs or user
interfaces.
A. Database administrators.
B. naive users.
C. online users.
D. application programmers.
ANSWER: D
18. The user defined data type can be created using
A. Create datatype
B. Create data
C. Create definetype
D. Create type
ANSWER: D
19. A ______________ is a collection of operations
that performs a single logical unit of work.
A. disk manager.
B. transaction.
C. query processor.
D. language compiler.
ANSWER: B
20. A ________ is responsible for fetching data
from disk storage into main memory.
A. buffer manager.
B. file manager.
C. integrity manager.
D. data manager.
ANSWER: A
21. A ________ contains the portion of the data in
the database.
A. data
file.
B. block.
C. message.
D. data.
ANSWER: A
22. The ________ is the central software component
of the DBMS.
A. disk manager.
B. data manager.
C. file manager.
D. data definition language compiler.
ANSWER: B
23. Different values for the same data item is
referred to as ____________.
A. data consistency.
B. data inconsistency.
C. data integrity.
D. Data duplication.
ANSWER: B
24. A_________________ represents the number of
entities to which another entity can be
associated.
A. information.
B. table.
C. mapping cardinality.
D. Schema.
ANSWER: C
25. A _______ describes data, data semantics and
data relationships.
A. relation.
B. relationship set.
C. data model.
D. set.
ANSWER: C
26. The _________ defines the schema and storage
structure.
A. decision
support system analyst.
B. database administrator.
C. database manager.
D. transaction manager.
ANSWER: B
27. _________________ command is used to insert
records in the table.
A. select
B. subquery
C. insert
D. update
ANSWER: C
28. A domain is a set of _________.
A. record.
B. attributes.
C. values.
D. file.
ANSWER: C
29. Field is otherwise called as __________ of the
record.
A. data item.
B. data types.
C. value.
D. variable.
ANSWER: A
30. A______________ may contain one or more
records.
A. file.
B. database.
C. transaction.
D. fields.
ANSWER: A
31. What does the term 'Consistency' mean in the
database?
A. transaction of the data.
B. Redundancy of the data.
C. correctness of the data.
D. Duplication of the data.
ANSWER: C
32. The highest level of abstraction in database is
_________.
A. view
level.
B. physical level.
C. logical view.
D. external view.
ANSWER: A
33. Which of the following is not a component of
query processor?
A. DDL interpreter.
B. DML compiler.
C. DCL compiler.
D. Query evaluation engine.
ANSWER: C
34. ER model stands for _________ model.
A. relational.
B. entity relationship.
C. network. D. external.
ANSWER: B
35. The association that exists among the
attributes of an entity is called
_______.
A. relationship.
B. relationship set.
C. relation.
D. attribute relation.
ANSWER: D
36. The relationship that is most commonly
encountered in data base applications is
_________.
A. binary relationship.
B. unary relationship.
C. ternary relationship.
D. n-ary relationship.
ANSWER: A
37. The notation used for identifying relationship
in weak entity set is _______________.
A. double diamond.
B. ellipse.
C. diamond.
D. rectangle.
ANSWER: A
38. CREATE query is a ________ statement.
A. DML.
B. DDL.
C. DCL.
D. DDM.
ANSWER: B
39. Entities that do not have ___________ is called
weak entity set.
A. attributes.
B. primary key.
C. discriminator.
D. null values.
ANSWER: B
40. The specialization and generalization in ER
diagram is depicted using _______________.
A. square component.
B. diamond component.
C. circular component.
D. triangle component.
ANSWER: D
41. The attributes in a weak entity set is called
________.
A. discriminant.
B. discriminator.
C. discriminate.
D. weak attribute.
ANSWER: B
42. _________ is an abstraction process of viewing
sets of objects as a single general class.
A. Aggregation.
B. Discrimination.
C. Generalization.
D. Visualization.
ANSWER: C
43. _______________ command is used for displaying
data from the table
A. insert
B. update
C. desc
D. select
ANSWER: D
44. The description of relation is given by ________.
A. relational
database.
B. relations.
C. relation schema.
D. tables.
ANSWER: C
45. A ________ executes low level instructions
generated by DML compiler.
A. DDL interpreter.
B. DDL compiler.
C. DML compiler.
D. Query Evaluation Engine.
ANSWER: D
46. DML precompiler is a ____________.
A. Compiler.
B. Interpreter.
C. converter.
D. preprocessor.
ANSWER: D
47. A storage manager is a program module that
provides interface between ___________ and
__________.
A. Low level data, application programs.
B. user, program.
C. user, operating system.
D. storage device, user.
ANSWER: A
48. Which of the following is not an RDBMS?
A. MS Access.
B. Oracle.
C. SQL server.
D. Foxpro.
ANSWER: D
49. DROP command is used for __________.
A. creating table.
B. deleting table.
C. Deleting records.
D. creating record.
ANSWER: B
50. Which of the following command add a new field
to an existing field?
A. ALTER.
B. SELECT.
C. CREATE.
D. UPDATE.
ANSWER: A
51. The FROM clause is used in __________.
A. UPDATE.
B. SELECT.
C. CREATE.
D. INSERT.
ANSWER: B
52. A_____________ is a collection of interrelated
data and set of programs to access those
data.
A. DBMS.
B. file.
C. SQL.
D. query.
ANSWER: A
53. Which of the following is not a unary
operation?
A. Select.
B. Union.
C. Project.
D. Rename.
ANSWER: B
54. Data redundancy leads to ____________.
A. data inconsistency.
B. atomicity.
C. Data duplication.
D. concurrency.
ANSWER: A
55. A record is also called as ________.
A. table.
B. Relation.
C. tuple.
D. domain.
ANSWER: C
56. A____________ level describes how the data are
stored.
A. view.
B. physical.
C. logical.
D. conceptual.
ANSWER: B
57. A row of values in a table is a
____________.
A. table.
B. data types.
C. record.
D. relation.
ANSWER: C
58. A field used to identify a record is called as
a ____________.
A. column.
B. pointer.
C. index
D. key.
ANSWER: D
59. PL/SQL supports datatype ------------------
A. Scalar datatype
B. Composite datatype
C. All of the above
D. None of the above
ANSWER: C
60. The _________ manages the allocation of space
on disk storage.
A. integrity manager.
B. transaction manager.
C. buffer manager.
D. file manager.
ANSWER: D
61. ______________ means multiple copies of the
same data items.
A. Data consistency.
B. Data redundancy.
C. Data integrity.
D. Data reduction.
ANSWER: B
62. _______ is an abstraction through which
relationships are treated as higher level entities.
A. Encapsulation.
B. Aggregation.
C. Reduction.
D. Centralization.
ANSWER: B
63. To remove a relation from an SQL database, we
use the ______ command.
A. Delete
B. Purge
C. Remove
D. Drop table
ANSWER: D
64. The ___________ language is used for inserting
values in to tables.
A. DML.
B. DCL.
C. DLL.
D. DDL
ANSWER: A
65. The ___________ can be used to retrieve data
from multiple tables.
A. Embedded SQL.
B. dynamic SQL.
C. joins.
D. views.
ANSWER: C
66. Persistence of correctness in values before
and after a success transaction is _______.
A. persistence.
B. Durability.
C. atomicity.
D. transparency.
ANSWER: B
67. The __________ feature of DBMS frees the users
and programmers from the responsibility of
knowing the physical details of data.
A. logical
view.
B. physical view.
C. data independence.
D. data dependency.
ANSWER: C
68. Different applications using the same data is
______________.
A. data redundancy.
B. data sharing.
C. data consistency.
D. transaction.
ANSWER: B
69. Attributes having single value for a particular
entity are ____________ attributes.
A. composite.
B. multi valued.
C. single valued.
D. derived.
ANSWER: C
70. SQL belongs to the category of
______________.
A. 2GL.
B. 3GL.
C. 4GL.
D. 5GL.
ANSWER: D
71. Student(ID, name, dept name, tot_cred) In this
query which attribute form the primary key?
A. Name
B. Deptt
C. Tot_cred
D. ID
ANSWER: D
72. Attributes having multiple values for a
particular entity are ____________ attributes.
A. composite.
B. multi valued.
C. single valued.
D. derived.
ANSWER: B
73. A __________ is a set of operations that must
be performed completely or not at all.
A. query.
B. command.
C. data sharing.
D. transaction.
ANSWER: D
74. A _______________ clause is used to combine
rows from two or more tables, based on a common field
between them
A. CLUB
B. JOIN
C. GROUP
D. ORDER
ANSWER: B
75. An attribute for which its value can be derived
from the value of others related attributes are
________.
A. Simple.
B. Multivalued.
C. singlevalued.
D. derived.
ANSWER: D
76. A __________ is a statement that is executed
automatically by the system as a side effect of a
modification to the database.
A. trigger.
B. predicate.
C. formula.
D. action.
ANSWER: A
77. A simple attribute has ________ values for an
entity.
A. 1
B. 2
C. 0
D. 3
ANSWER: A
78. A table in RDBMS is also called as
______________.
A. tuple.
B. domain
C. relation.
D. projection.
ANSWER: C
79. A _____________ in a RDBMS is called as
tuple.
A. column.
B. row.
C. table.
D. user.
ANSWER: B
80. The_____ operation allows the combining of two
relations by merging pairs of tuples, one from each
relation, into a single tuple.
A. Select
B. Join
C. Union
D. Intersection.
ANSWER: B
81. The _________ can be used to ensure database
integrity.
A. entity
integrity.
B. database constraints.
C. referential integrity.
D. cardinality.
ANSWER: B
82. The symbol pi represents __________ operation
in relational algebra.
A. project.
B. rename.
C. select.
D. cartesian product.
ANSWER: A
83. The symbol sigma represents __________
operation in relational Algebra.
A. project.
B. rename.
C. select.
D. cartesian product.
ANSWER: C
84. What does resource authorization do?
A. Allows creation of new relations
B. Allows creation of indices.
C. Allows deletion of relations.
D. Allows deletion of indices.
ANSWER: A
85. Which of the following cursor attribute returns
true if the cursor is open?
A. %FOUND.
B. %ISOPEN.
C. %NOTFOUND.
D. %ROWCOUNT.
ANSWER: B
86. Relationship involving three entity set is
called _______ relationship.
A. unary.
B. secondary.
C. ternary.
D. binary.
ANSWER: C
87. The number of attributes in the relation scheme
is called _______.
A. coefficient.
B. domains.
C. blocks.
D. degree.
ANSWER: D
88. A _________ is a well defined collection of
objects.
A. record.
B. data.
C. set.
D. table.
ANSWER: C
89. The ________ of two sets contains all elements
belonging to both the set.
A. intersection.
B. difference.
C. union.
D. cartesian product.
ANSWER: C
90. Which of the following is not an aggregate
function?
A. avg.
B. sum.
C. difference.
D. count.
ANSWER: C
91. The _____ is the query system where in queries
are expressed as variables and formulas.
A. tuple calculus.
B. domain calculus.
C. relational calculus.
D. SQL.
ANSWER: C
92. The _________________ key uniquely identifies
records in a database table
A. foreign
B. primary
C. unique D. alter
ANSWER: B
93. How are the parameters passed in a call
statement referred to as?
A. Formal Parameters.
B. Actual Parameters.
C. Proper Parameters.
D. Definite Parameters.
ANSWER: B
94. The ____________ specifies that every foreign
key must contain a null or valid primary key
value.
A. primary key.
B. referential integrity.
C. null.
D. database integrity.
ANSWER: B
95. The ________ is a logical table derived from
other tables.
A. view.
B. database.
C. Cursor.
D. derived table.
ANSWER: A
96. The ____________ keyword is used to find the
number of values in a column.
A. TOTAL.
B. COUNT.
C. ADD.
D. SUM.
ANSWER: B
97. The _____________ keyword is used to find the
sum of values in a column.
A. AVERAGE
B. COUNT.
C. MAXIMUM.
D. SUM.
ANSWER: D
98. For which constraint does the Oracle Server
implicitly create a unique index?
A. Not null.
B. Primary key.
C. Foreign key.
D. Check.
ANSWER: B
99. Grant and revoke are __________
statements.
A. DDL.
B. DCL.
C. TCL.
D. DML.
ANSWER: B
100. The _______ keyword is used to eliminate the
duplicates.
A. distinct.
B. unique.
C. union.
D. intersect.
ANSWER: A
101. The _________ is a query that has another
query embedded within it.
A. Sub query.
B. Structured query.
C. Nested query.
D. Sequence query.
ANSWER: C
102. Rollback and commit affect
______________.
A. Only DML
statements.
B. Only DDL statements.
C. all statements.
D. Only DCL statements.
ANSWER: A
103. What is the maximum number of triggers that
can apply to a single table?
A. 14
B. 10
C. 12
D. 16
ANSWER: C
104. What command is used to change the column
value in a table?
A. create.
B. insert.
C. alter.
D. update.
ANSWER: D
105. To pass on granted privileges to other users
the __________ clause is used.
A. create option.
B. grant option.
C. update option.
D. select option.
ANSWER: B
106. If column A of a table can determine the value
of another column B, then ___________.
A. B is functionally dependent on A.
B. A is functionally dependent on B.
C. A is transitively dependent on B.
D. B is transitively dependent on A.
ANSWER: A
107. The _______ is the process of successive
reduction of a given set of relations to better form.
A. database design.
B. database modeling.
C. normalization.
D. database reduction.
ANSWER: C
108. Which of the following parameter type passes a
value into the program?
A. OUT.
B. IN.
C. IN OUT.
D. None of the above.
ANSWER: B
109. If column C functionally depends on column B,
and column B functionally depends on column
A, then ________
A. column C transitively depends on column A.
B. column A transitively depends on column C.
C. Column C functionally depends on column A.
D. column A functionally depends on column C.
ANSWER: A
110. Which is the function used to extract
substring from a string?
A. SUBSTR.
B. TO_CHAR.
C. TRIM.
D. FIND.
ANSWER: A
111. ______________ is the process of adding some
redundancy to a database purposefully so as to
improve performance.
A. normalization.
B. dependency.
C. denormalization.
D. renormalization.
ANSWER: C
112. Which of the following is not a characteristic
of a function?
A. A
function can be passed zero or more parameters.
B. A function must have an explicit RETURN
statement.
C. The data type of the return value must be
declared in the function header.
D. A function can be executed as a standalone
program.
ANSWER: D
113. The primary key of one table, when present in
some other table where it is not a primary key is
called as _______________.
A. alternate key
B. primary key
C. foreign key
D. null key
ANSWER: C
114. Choose the appropriate block of how a package
is grouped.
A. START and STOP.
B. OPEN and CLOSE.
C. BEGIN and END.
D. FIRST and LAST. ANSWER: C
115. The ____________ deals with individual
transactions.
A. Isolate
transactions.
B. transaction recovery.
C. system recovery.
D. media recovery.
ANSWER: B
116. A _____________ is a statement that executes
automatically as a side effect of database
modification.
A. Assertion.
B. triggers.
C. transaction.
D. functional dependency.
ANSWER: B
117. PL/SQL stands for --------
A. Programming Language/SQL
B. Procedural Language/SQL
C. Portable Language/SQL
D. None of the above
ANSWER: B
118. A subquery can be used to _________.
A. Create groups of data.
B. sort data in a specific order.
C. Convert data to a different format.
D. retrieve data based on an unknown condition.
ANSWER: D
119. Which of the following are the advantages of
PL/SQL Packages?
A. Modularity
B. Easier Application Design
C. Information Hiding
D. All mentioned above
ANSWER: D
120. Which two operations require undo data?
A. Committing a transaction and rolling forward
during instance recovery.
B. Recording a transaction to redo log files and
recovering from failed transaction.
C. Rolling back a transaction and recovering from
failed transaction.
D. Recovering from failed transactions and
recovering from committed transactions.
ANSWER: C
121. A data manipulation language statement
_______________.
A. completes a transaction on a table.
B. modifies the structure and data in a table.
C. modifies the data but not the structure of a
table.
D. modifies the structure but not the data of a
table.
ANSWER: C
122. Which of the following is not a cursor
command?
A. Open.
B. Fetch.
C. Close.
D. Select.
ANSWER: D
123. Which of the following is not true about the
PL/SQL language?
A. It supports embedded SQL statements
B. It has all the features of a modern structured
programming language.
C. It is not a block-structured language.
D. Applications developed using PL/SQL are not
portable.
ANSWER: C
124. Which of the following is correct syntax for
grant statement?
A. GRANT privilege ON object TO user.
B. GRANT role ON row number TO user.
C. GRANT privilege ON column name TO user.
D. GRANT privilege ON index TO user. ANSWER: A
125. Which operator can be used with a multiple-row
sub query?
A. ADD
B. LIKE.
C. BETWEEN.
D. NOT IN.
ANSWER: D
126. Which constraint can be defined only at the
column level?
A. UNIQUE.
B. NOT NULL.
C. CHECK.
D. PRIMARY KEY.
ANSWER: B
127. Which of the following is an SQL trigger
supported by Oracle?
A. BEFORE
B. INSTEAD OF
C. AFTER
D. All of the above
ANSWER: D
128. The SQL statement to create a view
is-------------
A. create view
B. make view
C. select view
D. insert view
ANSWER: A
129. What is true of using group functions on
columns that contain NULL values?
A. Group functions on columns ignore NULL values.
B. Group functions on columns returning dates
include NULL values.
C. Group functions on columns returning numbers
include NULL values.
D. Group functions on columns cannot be accurately
used on columns that contain NULL
values.
ANSWER: A
130. Which is a character manipulation
function?
A. TRIM.
B. TRUNC.
C. TO_DATE.
D. MOD.
ANSWER: A
131. A ________ is a program that performs some
common action on database data and that is
stored in the database.
A. trigger
B. stored procedure
C. pseudofile
D. None of the above is correct.
ANSWER: B
132. Which group function should be used to
calculate the total of all salaries in the accounting department?
A. MAX.
B. MIN.
C. SUM.
D. COUNT.
ANSWER: C
133. Which clause should be used to exclude group
results?
A. WHERE.
B. HAVING.
C. RESTRICT.
D. GROUP BY.
ANSWER: B
134. A sub query can be used to _________.
A. Create groups of data.
B. sort data in a specific order.
C. Convert data to a different format.
D. retrieve data based on an unknown condition.
ANSWER: D
135. What is the full form of SQL?
A. Simple Query Language
B. Structured Query Language
C. Structured Query List
D. None of these
ANSWER: B
136. A___________ statement is used for inserting
records into a table.
A. cin.
B. put.
C. insert.
D. add.
ANSWER: C
137. A__________ statement is used for updating a
record.
A. edit.
B. modify.
C. alter.
D. update.
ANSWER: D
138. A MINUS operator is used for performing
_______.
A. date
difference function.
B. character function.
C. Subtracting integers.
D. set difference.
ANSWER: D
139. A _________ function changes a non character
value into a character value.
A. modify.
B. change.
C. to_char.
D. trim.
ANSWER: C
140. A __________ changes the first character of a
string into a capital letter.
A. INSTR.
B. INITCAP.
C. LPAD.
D. LTRIM.
ANSWER: B
141. A ________ function returns the last day of
the month for the specified date.
A. last_date.
B. last_day.
C. next_day.
D. to_date.
ANSWER: B
142. Which is a database object that groups
logically related PL/SQL types, objects and subprograms?
A. Package
B. Module
C. Body
D. Name
ANSWER: A
143. A ________ is not a mapping cardinality.
A. one to zero.
B. one to one.
C. one to many.
D. many to many.
ANSWER: A
144. Which of the following is used to define code
that is fired when certain Actions or events occur?
A. Replace
B. Keyword
C. Trigger D. Cursor
ANSWER: C
145. Top down design process is followed by
________.
A. Assertion.
B. Aggregation.
C. specialization.
D. generalization.
ANSWER: D
146. Bottom up design process is followed by
________.
A. Assertion.
B. Aggregation.
C. specialization.
D. generalization.
ANSWER: C
147. A database is a __________.
A. A vast amount of data stored in a group of
integer files.
B. A set of condensed data highlighting specific
information.
C. arrangement of data in a particular order.
D. Basic data for processing an application.
ANSWER: C
148. Which of the following is NOT VALID in PL/SQL?
A. Select ... into
B. Update
C. Create
D. Delete
ANSWER: C
149. What are the different events in Triggers?
A. Define, Create
B. Drop, Comment
C. Insert, Update, Delete
D. All of the above
ANSWER: C
150. SHOW_ALERT function returns-------------
A. Boolean
B. Number
C. Character
D. None of the above
ANSWER: B
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